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1.) Ibu, a 39-year-old busy dad of three kids, finally gets thetime to relax one lazy Sunday afternoon. Ibu is feeling tired butfigures he is run-down from the busy week. Within just a few hours,Ibu finds himself laying in bed with chills and the onset of afever. Ibu works at a hospital and wonders if he has contracted thevirus which causes COVID-19.

1a.) What type of second line of defensenon-specific immune cell is going to communicatewith the third line of defense to help fight Ibu’s viral infection?(1p)

1b.) List the major third line of defense specificlymphocytes and their functions in fighting off Ibu’sviral infection. (3pts)

Third Line of Defense Lymphocytes	Functions

1c.) Fill in the blanks. A cytotoxic T cellwill bind to the SARS-CoV-2 epitope presented on MHC I found on___________ host cells. (1p)

1d. ) Which type of third line of defense specificlymphocyte is required to help “activate” the cytotoxic Tcell (Th1 or Th2)? (1p)

1e.) Fill in the blanks. B cells willphagocytize and present the epitope on _______ (MHC I or MHC II)and become active through costimulation from _______ (Th1 or Th2)(T cell dependent activation). (1pt)

1f.) Which three major antibodies are produced by plasma B cellsin response to Ibu’s viral infection? State where they are found inthe body. (3pts)

Antibodies	Where they are found in the body

1g.) Compare and contrast what Ibu’s immune response to thevirus would look like with and without a vaccine. (4pts)

	With Vaccination	Without Vaccination
Speed of Immune Response (faster OR slower)
Production of Antibodies (more OR less)
2nd Line of defense Cells (all ORnone) Hint: Is your 2nd line of defense alwayson patrol?
3rd Line of defense Cells (memory ORplasma)