[13 marks total]
(a) [1] Suppose on the Moon, a meteoroid creates a crater in the
shape...
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Physics
[13 marks total]
(a) [1] Suppose on the Moon, a meteoroid creates a crater in theshape of a hemisphere with a radius of 1 km.
Calculate the mass of material excavated, assuming a density of1920 kg/m3 for regolith.
(b) [1]When the meteoroid makes the crater,the excavatedmaterial is raised vertically by a distance equal to the
radius of the crater, 1 km. Calculate the potential energyrequired to lift the material.
(c) [3] The meteoroid that created the crater was spherical andmade of rock, and it had an impact velocity of
5 km/s. Assuming that energy was conserved in the collision,what was the size of the meteoroid?
(d) [5] Comets have a density of one third the value of rockymeteoroids, but can travel three times as fast. If a comet the samesize of the meteoroid had impacted and caused the crater, with adensity of 1000 kg/m3 and an impact velocity of 15 km/s, what sizecrater would have been made? Would it be larger or smaller thanthat made by a rocky meteoroid?
(e) [3] Consider the material excavated by the impactor, theejecta. Ejecta blankets are found on both Mercury and the Moon, buton Mercury, the ejecta is generally much closer to the cratercompared to the Moon. Explain why this is.
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