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28 FeTroja is an antibiotic which was approved for use by the FDA in 2019 The antibiotic contains a siderophore attached to cephalosporin a beta lactam antibiotic What is the function of the siderophore a To perforate poke holes in the bacterial cell membrane allowing all of the iron to exit the bacterial cell b To inhibit cell wall synthesis leading to cell lysis c To bind iron allowing the antibiotic to gain entry through bacterial iron transporter mechanisms d To bind amino acids resulting in the eventual inhibition of protein synthesis 29 We have just isolated an organism that is closely related to Bordetella We are trying to determine if this new organism has the same growth factors as it s close relative Bordetella Which media type should we use to experimentally determine the growth factors for this organism a differential b selective c complex d synthetic 30 A glycerol channel is a transmembrane protein that moves glycerol across a membrane without the input of energy In this case glycerol must be moving a from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration b from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration c from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell d from the inside of the cell to the periplasm 31 An chemotrophic organism that uses an inorganic compound such as NH3 or H S as an electron or energy source is an example of a Lithotrophy b Heterotrophy c Organotrophy d Oxygenic photosynthesis 32 Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium can be found in root nodules associated with plants These bacteria are involved in nitrogen fixation which means a The bacteria are stealing ammonia from the plants and converting it to nitrogen gas b The bacteria are converting atmospheric nitrogen gas to a form of nitrogen that can be utilized by the plants c The bacteria are producing nitrate from ammonia which is toxic to the plants d The bacteria are producing ammonia from nitrate 33 There are different ways that one might enumerate bacteria in a sample Which of the following identifies a method of enumeration that would be considered a direct counting method and could be completed quickly in less than a day a Microscope counts using a Petroff Hausser Counting chamber or hemocytometer b Measuring optical density using a spectrophotometer c Using a dilution series followed by the spread plate technique d Measuring increases in cellular proteins using a spectrophotometer

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