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a) Which electrons experience a greater Z_eff(effective nuclear charge): the valence electrons in Be or thevalence electrons of N? Why?

Using the simple equation on page 260, calculate theZ_eff of 3p electron of K atom.

a. Using the trends in ionization energy of sodium and electronaffinity of oxygen, explain why sodium oxide has the formulaNa₂O and not NaO.

Which specific orbital loses an electron in the fourthionization step of Carbon?

2) Write the atomic radii and ionic radii of the following usingthe interactive Periodic   
Table on the web (Link:http://www.chemeddl.org/resources/ptl/index.php).

a-    Explain the trend inthe radii for two elements in the same group and that for two     
     elements in the same period. Be sure toinclude units.

                                               AtomicRadius                                  Ionic Radius

           a.Ra             

        b.Cd

    c. Sr

4)Briefly explain why valence electrons are more important thancore electrons in determining the reactivity and bonding inatoms.

Write the abbreviated electron configuration for the followingpairs:

   a-Ir (Iridium) atom
   b- Ir³⁺     
   c- Se atom
d- Se^2—

How many unpaired electrons are there in the following: ( youshould do their condensed electron configurations first)

a-Fe atom

b-Cu¹⁺ ion