a) Why the flexural cracks are vertical (perpendicular to thelongitudinal axis of the beam; while shear cracks are inclined withapproximately 45 degree from the longitudinal axis of the beam?Explain and discuss.
b) Why the design of rc section has to be carried out in suchaway to initiate the failure in steel before concrete? Explain anddiscuss.
c) What are the assumptions used in the reinforced concretedesign?
