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Acid-Base Balance

As the rate of H+ and/or PCO2 production changes in the body,what “system” acts the quickest to stabilize pH and minimize themagnitude of such changes?

Give 3 examples of substances that comprise this “system”.

Why does the blood pH change when the blood PCO2 is changed?(you should know the chemical equation that describes thisrelationship)

Give an example of the kind of physiological change that wouldCAUSE an increase in PCO2.

What would such a condition be called?

Give an example of the kind of physiological change that wouldCAUSE a decrease in PCO2.

What would such a condition be called?

As PCO2 of the blood decreases, what happens to the urine H+concentration as kidneys compensate for this change?(increase, decrease, or no change)

Explain what the kidneys are doing that makes the H+concentration change in this manner, and how this change acts as acompensation to the decreasing PCO2.

As PCO2 of the blood decreases, what happens to the urine HCO3-concentration?

Explain what the kidneys are doing that makes the HCO3-concentration change in this manner, and how this change acts as acompensation to the decreasing PCO2.

Give an example of the kind of physiological change that wouldCAUSE a decrease in [H+] DIRECTLY (without causing a change in PCO2first).

What would such a condition be called?

Give an example of the kind of physiological change that wouldCAUSE an increase in [H+] DIRECTLY (without causing a change inPCO2 first).

What would such a condition be called?

If the root cause of the H+ concentration changes is anabnormality of the kidneys, how might the respiratory systemrespond to:

a. an increasing H+ concentration.

b. a decrease in H+ concentration.