Blood flows through a ventricular assist device (a pump) at arate of 100 mL/s. It enters at a pressure of 110 kPa, temperature36.50°C, and speed 0.25 m/s. It leaves at 125 kPa, temperature36.52°C, and speed 0.40 m/s. Heat transfer from the blood in thepump is negligible. The outlet is 40 mm above the inlet. (Note: thethermophyhsical properties of blood may be approximated byproperties of liquid water at 37°C.) (a) Calculate the rate of workdone on the fluid by the pump. [13] (b) Calculate the fraction ofpump work converted to enthalpy, kinetic energy, and potentialenergy. Comment on the relative importance of these effects. [4](c) What fraction of pump work is used to raise the temperature ofthe blood? [3] (d) Calculate the minimum power required to pump theblood with the flow rate and pressure rise given here. Why ishigher power required in practice? [5]
