Epidemiology: Draw a DAG of the relationship between exposureand outcome, accounting for other variables discussed. Then, writeeither “Yes†if it appears that confounding of the relationshipbetween the exposure and the outcome is supported (based on thegeneral rule for confounding) and “No†if it appears thatconfounding is not supported. If “Noâ€, please indicate why it isnot a confounder.
- Researchers are investigating a potential association betweenhigh-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and lung cancer wherethere appears to be a relationship between low HDL and lung cancer.Smoking is known to cause a decrease in HDL levels and is known tocause lung cancer.
