In a bicycle accident, a patient suffered a full-thickness skin
wound of the forearm with an...
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In a bicycle accident, a patient suffered a full-thickness skinwound of the forearm with an area of about 7 cm x 3 cm. Brieflydescribe the experimental strategy to engineer a 3-dimensionalreplacement tissue, considering (a)cell type, (b) biomaterial, (c)bioengineering technique, and (d) bioreactor
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The in vitro tissue engineering has four steps 1 A biomaterial scaffold may be a flat sheet to mimic skin 2 The construct is bioactivated with primary or stem cells using either endogenous or allogeneic cell lines keratinocytes and fibroblasts 3 After seeding the cells the construct is cultured in a bioreactor simulating at least one aspect of the in vivo environment eg chemistry mechanical stresses 4 The final step is implantation Introduction The human skin comprises three layers the epidermis outermost dermis middle and hypodermis deeper The epidermis is a 02 mm thick packed sheath of cells consisting of keratinocytes which are in several stages of differentiation alongside melanocytes and epidermal stem cells confined to the basal proliferative layer Furthermore there are 4 layers within the epidermis namely the corneum dead cornified layer with 1530 sheets of corneocytes stratum 35 sheets of flattened keratinocytes with arrested division stratum spinosum possessing 810 layers of keratinocytes with restricted cell division and stratum germinativum proliferative layer The bricksandmortar array kind of organization of corneocytes within the epidermis acts as a barrier separating the inside body environment from the external in conjunction with regulating fluid loss The dermis comprising of thick connective tissue is sandwiched in the middle of the epidermis and the hypodermis It is constituted of a bed of glycosaminoglycans GAGs elastin and collagen extracellular matrix ECM with embedded
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