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In an attempt to strengthen the health system and improvehealth-service delivery, Zambia has been gradually introducing RBFapproaches to complement traditional input based financing in someof its health programs and activities. Zambia was awarded a US$17million grant in 2008 by the World Bank through the Health ResultsInnovation Trust Fund (HRITF) to implement a RBF pilot project withan accompanying Impact Evaluation (IE) led by the World Bank.Motivated by inadequate progress to achieving MDGs 4 and 5 targets,the primary objective of the project was to catalyse the country’sefforts to reduce under-five and maternal mortality in 11 districtsin nine (9) of Zambia’s 10 provinces (except Lusaka) countrywide.Perform a review of the Successes, Challenges and Opportunities oftaking Results-Based Financing from scheme to system in health carefinancing.