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It is known that glucose entering the blood from the digestive tract causes a more significant...

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Medical Sciences

It is known that glucose entering the blood from the digestivetract causes a more significant increase in the insulin content inthe blood compared to the same amount of glucose, but administeredintravenously. Explain this phenomenon, taking into account theresults of the synthesis and secretion of insulin by beta-cells ofthe pancreatic islets of Langerhans.
For the answer:
1. Write the name of the molecules involved in regulating thesecretion of insulin betta by the cells of the pancreas
2. describe the steps in the synthesis and secretion of insulin andthe role of glucose in this process;
3. indicate which transmembrane mechanisms are used by the Gastricinhibitory polypeptide, the Glucagon-like peptide, which aresecreted by the cells of the small intestine mucous membrane whencarbohydrates and Cholecystokinin enter them to transmit signals tobeta cells
4. why the effect of the Gastric inhibitory polypeptide and theglucagon-like peptide on beta cells appears earlier than the effectof the main activator of insulin secretion - glucose.

Answer & Explanation Solved by verified expert
3.9 Ratings (617 Votes)
The incretin effect is the reason why glucose entering the blood from the digestive tract causes a more significant increase in the insulin content in the blood compared to the same amount of glucose but administered intravenously Incretins are a group of hormones and this effect is caused by two incretin hormones called glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide GIP and glucagonlike peptide1 GLP1These hormones are released from enteroendocrine cells that are located in the walls of gut when nutrients enter the bowel So 7080 of insulin secretion by oral glucose induced insulin secretion from    See Answer
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