Logo
Home Study Material Contact Search
AI Chat FREE
  1. sciences
  2. medical sciences
  3. opioid analgesics mimic endogenous opioids by acti

Opioid analgesics mimic endogenous opioids by activating opioid receptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems...

70.2K

Verified Solution

Question

Medical Sciences

Opioid analgesics mimic endogenous opioids by activating opioidreceptors in the central and peripheral nervous systems to produceanalgesia, respiratory depression, sedation and constipation. Theproduct information for morphine indicates the followinginformation:

“Chronic use of opioid analgesics may be associated with thedevelopment of physical dependence.”

Discuss this statement including a simple explanation (e.g. thatcould be understood by an individual without expertise inpharmacology) of what this statement means, examples of physicaldependence effects that may be anticipated for opioidsspecifically, and ONE strategy that could be utilised to minimisethe detrimental effects of physical dependence. Please clearlyhighlight the reasoning underlying your answers. (NOTE: this isworth 8 marks, so will require a detailed explanation)

Answer & Explanation Solved by verified expert
3.9 Ratings (441 Votes)
Opioids bind to the opioid receptors i the brain Gastrointestinal tract and spinal cord Some of those are endogenous which are produced by the body called Endorphin Exogenous opioids are derived from environment like Heroin morphine that are derived from opium poppy plant Fentanyl is synthetic drug of opioid which is synthesized in the laboratory How opioid works They are acting on the opioid receptors of the brain nerve tissues Normally in the absence of endorphins inhibitory neuron secrete a neurotransmitter that prevents the nearby neurons from releasing the neurotransmitter dopamine When the body is involved in vigorous exercise it induces release of endorphins to the opioid receptors present on the inhibitory neurons As these binds to the receptors they inhibit the neurons from releasing the inhibitory neurotransmitters allowing the dopamine secreting neurons to freely unload dopamine The dopamine then will be picked up by the third neuron in the same area When dopamine release takes place in the pain processing regions of the brain like thalamus brainstem and spinal cord the result is feeling less pain When dopamine release take place in the reward pathway regions present in the ventral tegmental area nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex the result is a calming effect When a powerful exogenous opioid    See Answer
Get Answers to Unlimited Questions

Join us to gain access to millions of questions and expert answers. Enjoy exclusive benefits tailored just for you!

Membership Benefits:
  • Unlimited Question Access with detailed Answers
  • Zin AI - 3 Million Words
  • 10 Dall-E 3 Images
  • 20 Plot Generations
  • Conversation with Dialogue Memory
  • No Ads, Ever!
  • Access to Our Best AI Platform: Flex AI - Your personal assistant for all your inquiries!
Become a Member

Other questions asked by students

Q

What is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain? Which group of neurotransmitters is more likely to...

Medical Sciences
Q

The formation constant* of [M(CN)2]– is 5.30 × 1018, where M is a generic metal. A 0.160-mole...

Chemistry
Q

Suppose you have an organic sample X that is somewhat soluble in water, even though it...

Chemistry
Q

Effects of PID on the fallopian tubes in connection with ultrasound assessment

Medical Sciences
Q

What are some of the risk factors associated with teenage drug abuse? Why do you think...

Psychology
Q

How might the DMAIC be used in your personal life? In your dream job? (Min 400...

General Management
Q

A scientist has two solutions, which she has labeled Solution A and Solution B. Each...

Basic Math
Q

Robert Douglas owns 112 Acorn Street, an industrial building in south-western Canada. Located on 8.05...

Accounting
Q

If fixed costs are $300,000 and the unit contribution margin is $20, how many units...

Accounting
Q

For apple inc.2015 do an internal SWOT analysis. Use scholar references only

Accounting
Q

For the year 2017 the value of a company's equity account was $12,524, current liabilities...

Finance
Q

A loan of amount $17251.99 is repaid in 15 annual payments beginning 1 year after...

Finance