Question 55:
Please indicate the diseases or conditions described in eachsection below. [5 marks]
(a) Billions of people consume unregulated concentrations of afungal toxin, an alkylating agent, in their staple foods (corn,ground-nuts, rice). What condition arises from consumption of:
- acute, high doses?                      Â
- chronic, low doses?                      Â
(b) What is the painful inflammatory condition that occurs injoints when macrophages phagocytose crystals of a commonmetabolite?                            Â
(c) What severe inflammatory condition is characterised bydamage to secretory cells or ducts that deliver digestive enzymes(such as lipases) to the gut, and by the precipitation of salts offatty acids?                            Â
(d) What potentially lethal body-wide inflammatory state isinduced if an injury leads to a large amount of intracellularmaterial being liberated into thebloodstream?                                  Â
(e) Name chronic inflammatory diseases affecting the gut,associated with dysbiosis, and showing ulceration and fibrosisthat:
- may occur at any site in the alimentary canal                      Â
- are localised to the large intestine:Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
