The authors of the paper "Age and Violent Content Labels MakeVideo Games Forbidden Fruits for Youth" carried out an experimentto determine if restrictive labels on video games actuallyincreased the attractiveness of the game for young game players.†Participants read a description of a new video game and were askedhow much they wanted to play the game. The description alsoincluded an age rating. Some participants read the description withan age restrictive label of 7+, indicating that the game was notappropriate for children under the age of 7. Others read the samedescription, but with an age restrictive label of 12+, 16+, or18+.
The paper gave data for 12- to 13-year-old girls. Dataconsistent with summary values in the paper are shown below.
| 7+ label | 12+ label | 16+ label | 18+ label |
|---|
| 4 | 4 | 6 | 8 |
| 7 | 5 | 4 | 6 |
| 6 | 4 | 8 | 6 |
| 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 |
| 3 | 3 | 10 | 7 |
| 6 | 5 | 8 | 4 |
| 4 | 3 | 6 | 10 |
| 5 | 8 | 6 | 6 |
| 10 | 5 | 8 | 8 |
| 5 | 9 | 5 | 7 |
Do the data provide convincing evidence that the mean ratingassociated with the game description for 12- to 13-year-old girlsis not the same for all four age restrictive rating labels? Testthe appropriate hypotheses using
? = 0.05.
Calculate the test statistic. (Round your answer to two decimalplaces.)
F = ______________
