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Using Miller’s hypothesis for adaptive evolution of thrashers (Toxostoma) from a mockingbird (Mimus) ancestor as representing...

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Biology

Using Miller’s hypothesis for adaptive evolution of thrashers(Toxostoma) from a mockingbird (Mimus) ancestor as representing thestandard evolutionary genetic model of the modern synthesis,explain how each of the following hypothesized processes ofevolutionary diversification differ: (1) West-Eberhard’s“alternative adaptations,” (2) West-Eberhard’s phenotypic andgenetic accommodation, and (3) McKay and Zink’s “Sisypheanevolution.” Include in part 2 a discussion of how geneticaccommodation resembles and differs from Waddington’s hypothesis ofgenetic assimilation.

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1 WestEberhards alternative adaptations Alternative adaptationsdifferent adaptive phenotypes maintained in the same life stage and the same population but not necessarily simultaneously expressed in the same individualrepresent contrasting character sets produced by the same genome in effect allowing a single species to occupy more than one sympatric niche Such alternatives are particularly likely to give rise to novel adaptations because of selection for extreme dissimilarity between them and because established traits buffer populations against extinction while independently expressed alternatives evolve in new directions Particular alternatives can be suddenly fixed in populations with little or no genetic change leading to a period of rapid evolution especially of morphology exaggerating the characteristics of the newly fixed form This    See Answer
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